Rail-anchor.



F. W. COOPER & W. H. YAWGER.

RAIL ANCHOR. APPLICATON FILED FEB. 12 [9}8.

Patented Aug. 20

1918. 2 SHEETS SHEET 1.

lnyenfom Hana/l9 )4. C'aapar 5 lVf/l/am l7. yaw er UNITED STATEd or orFlttANCIS W. (JUMPER AND WILLIAM H. YAWG-Elt, 01* MONTREAL, QFEBEEC, ililll'tllt;

SAID YAWGER ASSIGNUR T $A1IQ COOPER.

BAIL-ANCHOR.

Specification of Letters IPatent.

Patented 226). i915}.

Application filed February 12, 11913. Seriai No. 216,748.

2' '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRANCIS W. Coornn and WILLIAM H. YAWGER,respectively a subject of the King of Great Britain and a citizen of theUnited States, and residents of the city of Montreal, in the Province ofQuebec and Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in RailAnchors, of which the followingis a full, clear, andexact description.

This invention relates to improvements in rail anchors, and the objectis to provide a rail anchor of simple and durable construction whichwill be very efficient in operation and which will not be dislodged orloosened by vibration in the rail.

The device consists of two parts, one oi which is preferably in the formof a malleable casting adapted to be applied to the base. of a rail andprovided with a downwardly projecting oflset portion adapted to bearagainst the side of a tie. The other part is a key, preferably of springsteel, which secures the anchor to the rail.

In the drawings which illustrate the invention Figure 1 is a frontelevation of the anchor as applied to a rail.

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation.

Figs. 3 and 4 are elevations of the large and small ends of the anchorrespectively.

F lg. 5 is a plan view of the anchor with the key removed.

Fig. G is an elevation of the key. 1

Figs. 7 and 8 are sections on the lines 7-7 and 8-8 respectively of Fig.2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 11 indicates the base of arail to which the anchor is applied and 12 the tie supporting the rail.The anchor proper comprises a pair of parallel plates 13, connected by atop plate 14 and end webs 15 and also at the center by webs 16. The topplate is inclined 15 unite and. connect the hook portions 17 v;

and 18 of the side plates at their inneror lower edges: The hooks 17 and18 form withthe top 1 plat'eka. recess which is larger at the bottom,than at the top. The length of recess atthe bottom is equal to thewidth of the rail base plus the overhang of the hooks 17. It will alsobe seen that the overhang of the hook 18 is twice that of the hook 17and that the lower edge. of the hook is stepped, each step conformingwith the curvature at the edge of the rail base. The lower step 19 ofthese two is used only when applying the anchor to a rail and isprcduced by the extension of the recess to perunit the anchor to bemoved transversely of the rail a suilicient distance for the hook 17 toswing clear of theirail edge. The second step '20 corresponds *iwith thehooks 1? and bears on the edge of the rail when the anchor is in place.It is iii/order to provide sufficient shoulder between the steps 19 and20 to hold the anchor against transverse movement on the rail and alsoto enable the upper step 20 to conform exactly to the rail edge, thatthe top plate 20 is inclined as shown.

The structure is thus provided with a hook recess under one of the hookspermitting movement of the anchor transversely of the rail, so thatthehook at the opposite end will clear the rail. v

' A pair of plates 21 are provided in rear of the back plate 13 andextend paralleltherewith and in line with one another. These plates 21are connected to the back plate 14- at their lower edges and at theirouter extremities by webs 22 arranged in the plane of the webs l5, andalso at their inner extremities by the webs 16, which extend'beyond theplane of the vplates so as to brace them. This arrangement provides adeep, narrow groove tapering from the large end of the anchor to thesmall end and open or interrupted between the webs 16, which, as will beclearly seen, are located approximately centrz'illy under the rail.Openings 23 are provided in the webs 22 to give access to the groove atthe ends. As will be clearly seenythe deep endoi the groove is at thelarge end of the anchor. At the small end I of the plate.

the other edge of the rail base.

A kcy QlS is provided for insertion in the groove and is tapered inaccordance with the relative inclination of the groove floor and railbase. This key is preferably of spring steel and. made with a slightcurve or camber, as clearly shown in Fig. '6, so that when inserted inthe groove, it will bear adjacent its extremities on the floor of thegroove and at its center against the rail base. When the key is forcedhome, it will be straightened out, and will thus be held at all times byits own spring action against loosening by vibration in the rail. Tofacilitate driving of the key, the lower edge thereof is sharply taperedat the small end, as at 27', and for the same reason, the floor of thegroove between the small end of the anchor and the adjacent web 16 ismore sharply inclined for a distance as indicated at 28. The inner faceof the plate 21 is also curved away from the back plate 18, where itjoins the web 16, so as to lead the key into the small end of thegroove. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to aspring steel key, nor to a curved key, as a curved keyof ordinary steelor a key without camber may be used;

The front plate 13 is providedflbetween the webs 16 with an offsetportion=29 inclined relatively to the vertical and projecting aconsiderable distance below the lower edge oifset is formed parallelwith-the plate 13. The entire offset is supported by the webs 16,

which it will be seen connect with both the front and back plates andcurve around the key holding plates 21.

The operation of the device is extremely simple. To. apply the device toa rail, the large end of the anchor is hooked over one edge of the railbase as far as it will go and the hook 17 at the small. end swung clearof The anchor. isthen moved transversely of the rail, soas to engage thehook 17 over the rail base and cause the stop 19 at the large end todisengage the rail and the step 20' to engage with it. The anchor is nowheld against trans verse movement. The key is inserted in the slot anddriven tight. If a curved key is used, it becomes straightened out inthe driving and holds itself in place against loosening by vibration inthe rail. If a straight tapered key is used, it holds tight by wedgingbetween the floor of the groove and the base of the rail. In the finalpart of the driving, the tip of the key as it passes the web 22 at thesmall end of the anchor runs out over the inclined surface of theprojection 25, and is thereby bent in exactly the same manner as a nailis clenched. Thisbending further serves to hold the key againstloosening.

It will of course be understood that in placing the anchor, it islocated with the de- The lower. portion 30 of this pending portion 30 inclose contact with the side of a tie. If the rail tends to movelongiludinallv or cree J the thrust of the tie i l a pending portion 30against the tie tends to prevent this. As soon as this depending portionis subjected to a thrust, it tends to rotate the anchor about itslongitudinal axis, forcing the front edge of the hooks 17 and 18 downtightly on the rail and forcing the key up against the bottom of therail. In this upward thrust of the key, the forcc is transmitted fromthe part 30 through the webs 16 direct to the key and not through thefront plate. cause the portion 30 to be embedded in bhl tie, theinclined portion 29 bearing against the tie tends further to draw theanchor down tightly on the rail.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is 1. A rail anchorcomprising a body having the ends hooked to engage the edges of the railbase, a wedge slidable in a groove offset from the main part of the bodymember and running transversely of the rail,

the wedge being in a different transverse vertical plane from thatof thehooked body ends in close engagement with the edges of the railba'se.

2. A rail anchor comprising a body hooked at'the ends to engage theedges of a rail base, a depending offset portion' at one side of saidbody adapted to engage a tie, and a Wedge at the opposite side of thebody adapted to engage a rail base and hold the anchor rigid thereon.

3. In a device according to claim 2, webs positioned to transmit thrustzrgainst the depending portion directly to the key.

4:. In a rail anchor, a rigid body hooked at its ends to engage theedges of a rail base and having a recess at one end for the reception ofa rail edge, whereby the anchor may be moved transversely on a rail toclear the hook at the opposite end from the rail edge, a shoulder abovethe recess holding the anchor against movement transversely of the railwhen in normal position, and a I wed e insertible in the bodytransversely of t e rail adapted to hold the hooks and shoulder in closeengagement with the edges of a rail base.

5. In a rail anchor, a body hooked for engagement with a rail, and aresilient wedge slidable in the body and engageable transversely with arail on which the body is fixed to hold the body, said wedge being heldagainst loosening due to vibration by its resiliency.

6. In a rail. anchor, a body hooked for engagement with a rail, and alongitudinally curved wedge of spring material adapted to be insertedbetween the body and rail longitudinally of the anchor and transverselyof the rail, whereby said wedge will be inseam straightened and willhold against loosening due to vibration.

A In a, raii anchor, the combination with reii of an. anchor bodyengaging the rail, and e normally curved resilient Wedge driyen betweenthe body and rail transverseiy ofvtlie rail whereby said Wedge tends tobe strair-"htened.

in a 'lfii anchor, at body, adapted for engagement with a rail, having agroove therein, e hey insertible in said groove transversely of the railto clamp the body to the rail, and a projection on the body having an.inclined surface disposed to deiiect the leading end of the key,,wherebysaid hey heid against loosening by vibrattion.

9'. in a raii anchor, a body adapted for engagement With a rail, akey-way in said ody comprising pair of aline grooves separated adjacentthe center of the body, whereby a key in said hey-way is unsup ported inits central portion."

10. in a rail anchor, 21 body adapted for engagement with a rail, a pairof alined iateraiiy proiecting flanges at the bottom of the body,forming a key seat, a Walladapted to retain a hey on said seat, andsupporting Webs for said seat and Wall.

11. A rail enchor according to claim 10, having" portions of said keyseat and key retaining wall inclined relatively to the ren'iainder,whereby akey Will be guided into a predetermined path.

12. in a rail anchor, e body comprising a pair oi. parallel plateshooked atthe ends for ei'igngement with a rail base, a top plateconnecting said side plates, Webs connectin the side plates adjacent'theends-thereoij and in the. hooked portions, a depending offset portion onone of said side plates, at imvretaining means on the other of said sideplates, and common supporting webs for the offset portion andjthe keyretaining disengage the hook at the opposite end relatively to the rail.Y

14. A device according to claim 12, in which the top plate is nclinedrelatively toa rail base, whereby. the anchor may be tilted relativelyto a rail for application and removal.

15. A device according to claim 12, in which the; key retaining means isarranged to support the key toward its ehds only.

16. A device according to claim 12, in

which the entrance end of the key retaining means is flared to guide akey.

17. A device according to claim 12, in which a projection is rovidedhaving an inclined surfa'ci g dapte to deflect the leading end of a key.1

18. A rail anchor comprising a body having hooks'suspending the bodyfrom the rail, and a depending portion centrally disposedwith respect.to the rail adapted to receive thrusts parallel with the rail, andseparate means on the opposite side of the anchor from said do endingportion engaging the rail base, W ereby said-thrusts 0perate to securethe the rail.

19. In a rail anchor n body adapted for engagement with a rail, a keyway in said body including a key seat arranged to supanchor more firmlyto port the key at each side of an intermediate portion and t0 leavesnidintermediate portion unsupported.

In wltncss whereof We have hereunto set our hands. I

FRANCTSWi COOPER.

YVTLLTAM ll. YAWGER.

